这篇关于经典初中定语从句语法讲解,是考网特地为大家整理的,希望对大家有所帮助!

  (一)定语从句的结构:在复合句中,修饰某个名词或代词的句子(做这个名词或代词的定语)叫定语从句,定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词,它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接,这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词(关系代词或关系副词:that,which,who,whose,when,where,why)。先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语。

  结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句。

  1.Thereshesawawallofwaterthatwasquicklyadvancingtowardsher.

  2.InJapan,someonewhoseesanotherpersonmakingthegesturewillthinkitmeansmoney.

  3.Athemeparkisacollectionofrides,exhibitionsorotherattractionsthatarebasedonacommontheme.

  4.TheparkhasaconservationcenterthathelpsprotectmarineanimalsandtheirhabitatsintheriversandcoastalwatersofAsia.

  5.Visitorscangoonexcitingrideswheretheycanfeelwhatitisliketodothethingstheyhaveseentheirheroesdointhemovie.

  6.OprahWinfreyisablackwomanwhoserisetofameisaninspiringstory.

  (二)定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句:

  限定性定语从句:从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连。

  非限定性定语从句:对先行词进行补充说明,解释,它与先行词之间有逗号隔开。

  1.Beforeshecouldmove,sheheardaloudnoise,whichgrewtoaterribleroar.

  2.Treeaftertreewentdown,cutdownbythewater,whichmusthavebeenthreemetersdeep.

  3.Flora,whosebeautifulhairanddresswereallcoldandwet,startedcrying.

  4.Theirtalkincludesrhythmandrhymingwordsaswellastonguetwisters,whichoftenmaketheaudienceapplaud.

  (三)关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词,这些关系词在介词后面常用which或whom.

  1.TherewasamanwithwhomIwouldhavetoworktogetherandfinallythemanagerofthecompany.

  2.Manypeoplewhosawthefilmwereafraidtoswimintheseawhentheyrememberedthescenesinwhichpeoplewereeatenbytheshark.

 知识重点与难点

  (一)当先行词有级,序数词修饰,是不定代词,或是all,no,only等形式时,关系代词一般用that,而不能用which。

  1.TheTitanicwasthelargestshipthathadeverbeenbuiltatthattime.

  2.Thereisonethingthatkeepsworryingme.

  (二)当先行词是表示时间,地点,原因的词时,关系词用when,where,why还有which,that

  1.I'mverygladtoreturntomyhometownwhereIhadlivedfor10years.

  2.ThisismyhometownwhichIusedtotalkabouttoyou.

  3.IthinkIcanunderstandthereasonwhyhedidn'ttellthetruthtome.

  4.Noonebelievesthereasonthathegaveusabouthisabsenceatthemeeting.

  (三)定语从句的简化表达:

  1.ThemanwhoissittingontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity.

  2.Theletterthatwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.

  3.Thequestionthatisbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.

  4.Youarewelcometoapartytobegiveninourclassat7:45.

  说明:以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来:

  1.ThemansittingontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity.

  2.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.

  3.Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.

  4.Youarewelcometoapartytobegiveninourclassat7:45.

 说明:修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外,还可以用非谓语动词形式:doing短语,done短语,beingdone短语,tobedone短语修饰。其结构和意思如下:

  1.被修饰名词+doing短语:正在做….的人/正在发生的事。

  2.被修饰名词+done短语:被…..的人/事

  3.被修饰名词+beingdone短语:正在被…..的人/事

  4.被修饰名词+tobedone短语:将要被…..的人/事

  (1)Doyouknowthemantalkingtomysister?

  (2)Thecrazygesture,movingtheindexfingerinacircleinfrontoftheear,meansyouhaveaphonecallinBrazil.

  (3)Didyouseethatcarbeingrepaired?

  (4)Inacamera,thelensmustbefocusedontheobjecttobephotographed.

  (5)Thestudentstoattendthemeetingwillarriveheretomorrow.

  (7)TheYellowRiver,saidtobethemotherriverrunsacrossChinalikeahugedragon.

  总结:以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词,不定式的各种形式作定语。

  1.这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面。如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语,则可以放在被修饰名词前面。

  2.分词作定语时,其动作应与全句动作同时发生。V-ing表示主动意义和正在做,V-ed表示被动意义。beingdone表示正在被做的

  3.不定式作定语表示将要发生的,tobedone表示将要被做的