①5√8-2√32+√50
=5*3√2-2*4√2+5√2
=√2(15-8+5)
=12√2
②√6-√3/2-√2/3
=√6-√6/2-√6/3
=√6/6
③(√45+√27)-(√4/3+√125)
=(3√5+3√3)-(2√3/3+5√5)
=-2√5+7√5/3
④(√4a-√50b)-2(√b/2+√9a)
=(2√a-5√2b)-2(√2b/2+3√a)
=-4√a-6√2b
⑤√4x*(√3x/2-√x/6)
=2√x(√6x/2-√6x/6)
=2√x*(√6x/3)
=2/3*|x|*√6
⑥(x√y-y√x)÷√xy
=x√y÷√xy-y√x÷√xy
=√x-√y
⑦(3√7+2√3)(2√3-3√7)
=(2√3)^2-(3√7)^2
=12-63
=-51
⑧(√32-3√3)(4√2+√27)
=(4√2-3√3)(4√2+3√3)
=(4√2)^2-(3√3)^2
=32-27
=5
⑨(3√6-√4)?
=(3√6)^2-2*3√6*√4+(√4)^2
=54-12√6+4
=58-12√6
⑩（1+√2-√3）（1-√2+√3）
=[1+(√2-√3)][1-(√2-√3)]
=1-(√2-√3)^2
=1-(2+3+2√6)
=-4-2√6
（1）5√12×√18
=5*2√3*3√2
=30√6;
（2）-6√45×（-4√48）
=6*3√5*4*4√3
=288√15;
（3）√(12a)×√(3a)/4
=√(36a^2)/4
=6a/4
=3a/2.
5.
x^2(y+z)^2-2xy(x-z)(y+z)+y^2(x-z)^2
=[x(y+z)-y(x-z)]^2
=(xz+yz)^2
=z^2(x+y)^2
6.
3(a+2)^2+28(a+2)-20
=[3(a+2)-2][(a+2)+10]
=(3a+4)(a+12)
7.
(a+b)^2-(b-c)^2+a^2-c^2
=(a+b)^2-c^2+a^2-(b-c)^2
=(a+b+c)(a+b-c)+(a+b-c)(a-b+c)
=(a+b-c)(a+b+c+a-b+c)
=2(a+b-c)(a+c)
8.
x(x+1)(x^2+x-1)-2
=(x^2+x)(x^2+x-1)-2
=(x^2+x)^2-(x^2+x)-2
=(x^2+x-2)(x^2+x+1)
=(x+2)(x-1)(x^2+x+1)
9.
9x^2(x-1)^2-3(x^2-x)-56
=9x^2(x-1)^2-3x(x-1)-56
=[3x(x-1)-8][3x(x-1)+7]
=(3x^2-3x-8)(3x^2-3x+7)
有理数练习
练习一(B级)
(一)计算题:
(1)23+(-73)(2)(-84)+(-49)(3)7+(-2.04)(4)4.23+(-7.57)(5)(-7/3)+(-7/6)(6)9/4+(-3/2)(7)3.75+(2.25)+5/4(8)-3.75+(+5/4)+(-1.5)
5.
x^2(y+z)^2-2xy(x-z)(y+z)+y^2(x-z)^2
=[x(y+z)-y(x-z)]^2
=(xz+yz)^2
=z^2(x+y)^2
6.
3(a+2)^2+28(a+2)-20
=[3(a+2)-2][(a+2)+10]
=(3a+4)(a+12)
7.
(a+b)^2-(b-c)^2+a^2-c^2
=(a+b)^2-c^2+a^2-(b-c)^2
=(a+b+c)(a+b-c)+(a+b-c)(a-b+c)
=(a+b-c)(a+b+c+a-b+c)
=2(a+b-c)(a+c)
8.
x(x+1)(x^2+x-1)-2
=(x^2+x)(x^2+x-1)-2
=(x^2+x)^2-(x^2+x)-2
=(x^2+x-2)(x^2+x+1)
=(x+2)(x-1)(x^2+x+1)
9.
9x^2(x-1)^2-3(x^2-x)-56
=9x^2(x-1)^2-3x(x-1)-56
=[3x(x-1)-8][3x(x-1)+7]
=(3x^2-3x-8)(3x^2-3x+7)
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